Mathilde initially trained at the Imperial and Royal Weaving School in Zwittau (now Svitavy, Czech Republic) before attending the prestigious Kunstgewerbeschule in Vienna from 1909 to 1916. Around 1915, Flögl began her first design work for the Wiener Werkstätte and became a full member in 1916.

During her time at the Wiener Werkstätte, Flögl contributed to a wide range of artistic disciplines, including glass decoration, wooden boxes, enamel and ivory pieces, ceramics, toys, jewelry, leather handbags, embroidered items, fabric and wallpaper patterns, and costume design. She also produced graphic designs and participated in creating murals for interiors designed by Josef Hoffmann, such as the renowned Grabencafé in Vienna.

Flögl was a member of both Wiener Frauenkunst and the Austrian Werkbund. After the Wiener Werkstätte dissolved in 1931, she opened her own studio in Vienna, focusing on fabric designs and fashion sketches. In 1935, she moved to Czechoslovakia, where she taught at various vocational schools. She returned to Vienna in 1941, becoming a teacher. From 1951 onwards, Flögl taught fashion and design drawing at the Federal College for Women's Industries in Salzburg.

Throughout her career, Mathilde Flögl was known for her versatility across various artistic mediums and her integral role within the Viennese design and arts scene. Her contributions to the Wiener Werkstätte and later as a teacher left a lasting influence on the design world in Austria and beyond. (hs)